At the end of a study, investigators must secure the data collected so that their confidentiality will not be breached in the future. If possible, all data should be stripped of identifiers. Published case studies that may identify a subject (due to the rarity of the disease, because he/she is well-known, or for any other reason) must disguise the identity of the subject or have the subject’s approval before the manuscript is submitted. Images of subjects included in publications should be approved by the subjects or be rendered unrecognizable.